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The uneven distribution of benefits to different social groups from rural development forestry has been an area of concern highlighted in the literature and spans all of the thematic areas covered in our grey literature collections. Under this collection, which covers the ‘gender’ theme, we have included papers which explore differences between men and women in terms of participation in the design and implementation of projects, and uneven access to benefits from rural development forestry. Many of the papers go further to explore strategies that can be used to overcome the constraints faced by women in benefiting from such activities.

Please note: Due to the poor reproductive quality of some of the original items, some of them have had to be copytyped. The Overseas Development Institute shall accept no responsibility for any inaccuracy, errors or omissions or for the consequences arising from the use of the texts.

More than woods and women: the Gender debate in rural development forestry.
Overview paper

The uneven distribution of benefits amongst different social groups, such as the men and women involved in rural development forestry, has been an important area of interest in all the thematic areas in the literature. The focus on gender in rural development forestry has covered a number of aspects. These include firstly the differences in participation in the design and implementation of projects between men and women, secondly uneven access to benefits from these activities, and thirdly the strategies that can be used to overcome the constraints faced by women in benefiting from such activities...

Pelin Zorlu and Cecilia Luttrell 2006
Women’s access in Social Forestry: a Guide to Literature.
There has been much criticism of social forestry from social scientists, either on the grounds that it makes little contribution to basic needs (producing wood as a cash crop) or on the grounds that it is detrimental to environmental stability (particularly in reference to Eucalyptus woodlots)...  
Skutsch, M 1986
Women in Forestry (Part II): NAFP with a difference. Nepal Australia Forestry Project (NAFP).
This paper presents the findings of a detailed review and assessment of the Nepal-Australia Forestry Project’s (NAFP) ‘Women in Forestry’ program. It finds that in Nepal many programs and organisations set up women’s sections or added women’s components to their regular work. Very few could, however... 
Siddiqi, N 1989).
Women in Forestry (Part I): Report of a Training Workshop. Nepal Australia Forestry Project (NAFP)
This paper reports on the proceedings of a workshop, the main purpose of which was to understand the situation of women with regard to forests, to identify problems in promoting women’s participation in the management and development of forests... 
Siddiqi, N 1989).
Towards Effective Participation: A Guide for Working with Women in Forestry. Nepal Australia Forestry Project.
This guide begins with a brief introduction to community forestry and the position of women as users of forests. The history of women’s participation in development is then traced to provide a background for understanding the concept of women in forestry... 
Siddiqi, N 1989
A case Study of Jakeshwar Shikshan Sansthan: Changes in the hill economy forest cover and status of women in Dasholi Block, Garhwal, Uttar Pradesh.
Prepared for the ILO workshop ‘women and wasteland development’, New Delhi, 9-11 Jan 1991.
This case study of the Chipko group Jakeshwar Shiksan Sangsthan (J.S.S.) is an attempt to draw the attention of policy-makers to women’s status and resource equity issues. The author asserts that many NGOs have pioneered new techniques for women’s involvement... 
Carr-Harris, Jill 1991
Women, Trees and Forests in Africa - A Resource Guide.
Environment Liaison Centre International (ELCI), Nairobi, Kenya.
This document is a resource guide for non-governmental organizations and others working on field-level forestry development activities with women in Africa. It presents findings from a project on Women’s Participation in Forestry Activities in Africa...  
Williams, Paula J. 1992
Women's Participation in Forestry Activities in Africa
Project Summary and Policy Recommendations. Environment Liaison Centre International (ELCI), Nairobi, Kenya.
This paper was compiled to brief policy-makers on the findings and recommendations of the Women and Forestry Project. It also suggests how governments, donors, bilateral and multilateral organizations can support the activities...  
Williams, Paula J. 1992
Women in Forestry: A Concept for the Future.
AKRSP (Agha Khan Rural Support Newtwork) / IUCN (World Conservation Union) study in Northern Pakistan.
This report was written following a six week period spent in the field speaking to women and men involved in forestry activities in Northern Pakistan. The report sets out the role of women in the management and use of forests. It draws out the variability in the involvement of women in forestry activities...  
Clark, J. 1994
A Framework for Assessing Gender Sensitivity in Forest Management Policy and Practices.
Working Paper 158, Institute of Rural Management, Anand.
This paper explores the links between gender and forestry and observes that most forestry institutions in developing countries are male dominated. Using the case of forest management in India it attempts to analyse the gender perspective... 
Smita Mishra-Panda 2001